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Good health adds life to years for world population
Aging is a natural and inevitable process
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ging is a natural and inevitable process. For the past century mankind has been adding years to life. More people now survive the challenges of childbirth and childhood to reach old age.
This trend is not restricted to the resource-rich countries but has become a global phenomenon including the countries of Southeast Asia.
It has been estimated that around 142 million people or 8 percent of the population of the World Health Organization’s (WHO) Southeast Asia Region are above the age of 60 years.
This number will continue to increase and by 2025, the estimated proportion of the population over 60 years will be twice that of 2000 and by 2050, which will have further increased to three times the proportion of 2000.
In India, for example, the elderly population will increase to 160 million by 2025 and to over 300 million by 2050, translating to 19 percent of the total population. Similarly, in Sri Lanka, the elderly population is projected to be over 4 million by 2025 and 6 million or around 27 percent of the total population by 2050.
In Thailand, the total number of people over the age of 60 years will be around 15 million by 2025 and over 22 million by 2050, corresponding to over 30 percent of the total population. By 2025 the elderly population in Indonesia will increase to 36 million, and the total number of people over the age of 60 years by 2050 is around 71 million.
There is an urgent need to focus attention on the aging population because of the increasing share of elderly persons in the total population.
Development and progress have brought about improved quality of life and increased life expectancy. Longer life is associated with chronic diseases and disabilities in old age. This affects the overall quality of
life and poses a challenge for the families, communities and national governments.
Traditional values and practices still occupy a key position where long-term care of the very old is concerned. However, with nuclear families replacing the joint families and with large rural to urban migrations, often the old and the infirm are left at home.
These changing patterns of society are now affecting the age-old balance of care of the old and very old persons at home.
On World Health Day, the WHO is highlighting aging as a rapidly emerging priority that most countries have yet to realize and address adequately. The message for the World Health Day is “good health adds life to years”. Improving health in the cycle of aging will require saving lives, protecting health and removing disability and pain.
This can be achieved through a combination of healthy lifestyle throughout the life-course, age-friendly environment and improved detection and prevention of disease, which also includes appropriate research.
The journey into the uncharted realms of old age is an adventure of continual learning, adjustments and most important of all, mentoring what is good and admirable.
This journey begins even before a person is born, right from the mother’s womb.
The nourishment and care that the mother and her unborn baby receive will determines how the newborn will fare in the world. An encouraging physical, social and mental environment that ensures the well-being and growth of the infant will lead to healthy adolescence, adulthood and, eventually, old age.
Promoting and living a healthy lifestyle across the life-course means that an elderly population will continue to participate in social, economic, cultural, spiritual and civic affairs in addition to being physically active and economically independent.
A continuum of care and support including health following the life-course will ensure that aging remains a healthy and fruitful experience and a journey of self-transformation, education and contribution.
Creating age-friendly environments and policies to engage the elderly population and utilizing their vast potentials will result in dignified aging, allowing elderly population to participate actively in family, community and political life, irrespective of their functional ability.
Healthy aging requires a significant paradigm shift in the way care is provided to the elderly population. Age-friendly primary health care minimizes the consequences of noncommunicable or chronic diseases through early detection, prevention and quality of care, and provide long-term palliative care for those with advanced disease. Such interventions would need to be supplemented by affordable long-term care for those who can no longer retain their independence.
Building an age-friendly society requires actions in a variety of sectors other than health and include education, employment, labor, finance, social security, transportation, justice, housing and rural-urban development. This will involve policymakers at the national governments, cities and municipalities; civil society groups and senior citizens forum; academic and research institutions; private sector enterprises; community leaders and youth groups.
The WHO continues to work with Member States to work toward an older world which will be healthy and exciting.
The writer is WHO regional director for Southeast Asia
