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Between the commercialization and preservation
Losing appeal: Artisans paint batik at a factory in Surakarta, Central Java
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Losing appeal: Artisans paint batik at a factory in Surakarta, Central Java. The declining batik industry has been partly blamed on low wages that make the profession unattractive to the masses.(JP/Ganug Nugroho) (JP/Ganug Nugroho)
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span class="inline inline-center">Losing appeal: Artisans paint batik at a factory in Surakarta, Central Java. The declining batik industry has been partly blamed on low wages that make the profession unattractive to the masses.(JP/Ganug Nugroho)
Six years after the government dedicated a day to batik on Oct. 2 in 2009, batik has been front and center in Indonesia.
But at the peak of its popularity, the true value of batik is still underexposed.
'From the declaration of Batik Day until today, people's euphoria for batik has remained high. But what makes me sad is that such enthusiasm is not followed by a proper understanding of what batik really is,' said batik enthusiast, designer and radio DJ Wethandrie 'Iwet' Ramadhan.
Batik seems to have become a must-have item in everyone's closet, coming not only in men's shirts or jarit (traditional long clothing for women) but also as dresses, cardigans and even hot pants.
The batik craze has not only spread locally, with Hollywood stars Lindsay Lohan and Jessica Alba also spotted wearing batik dresses.
Unfortunately, the increasing demand of batik has encouraged the mass production of printed batik ' many are even imported from China, which are a lot cheaper than batik tulis (traditional hand-drawn batik made using a canting or copper vessel with a spout-like nib) and batik cap (stamped designs).
The machine-printed textiles have also dominated the market, and the technology has damaged the development and preservation of batik itself, Iwet claimed.
'People want to join the batik trend, but due to a lack of understanding, they buy batik without knowing if it was hand drawn, stamped or printed,' Iwet said.
Batik is a dyeing technique where artisans draw designs on fabric using dots and lines of hot wax that is then colored by soaking the cloth in one color and removing the wax with boiling water.
The time needed to make a single traditional batik piece varies between a month to a year to finish, depending on the complexity level of its motifs and sizes.
Creative director of Iwan Tirta Private Collection Era Soekamto said the printed version of batik should not be called batik as it was just a common garment that featured batik patterns.
However, designer Josephine 'Obin' Komara of BIN House who made a breakthrough in marrying batik and hand-woven cloth, said that despite the arguments between hand drawn and printed, the issue was really just a matter of price.
'It's just a matter of price and needs. On certain occasions, like weddings, people will use the exclusive hand-drawn batik. But if it's just for casual wear, its fine to use printed,' she said. 'I don't think the use of printed batik will weaken the position of batik itself among our people,' she said
To foster a better understanding of batik, Iwet said people, mainly the rising middle-class who have greater purchasing power, should start to learn about how to differentiate batik from its characters.
He said hand-drawn batik had equally sharp colors on the back and the front; much more complex patterns; and flaws in its features as it is drawn by hand.
With stamped batik, however, the motifs are usually simpler than that of hand-drawn batik, and the colors on the front part are more vivid than the back, he added.
As for printed batik, the patterns are usually designed perfectly with bright and interesting colors, while the back part is in plain white.
While for the motifs, Iwet said, it would be very difficult to learn about them all in such a short time as there were around 3,000 batik motifs that had been created across the archipelago.
Designers, museums and organizations along with the government have now taken on a bigger role in promoting the philosophy of batik. Renowned designers like Iwan Tirta and Edward Hutabarat have taken this on since a long time ago, with many new designers now following suit.
Iwet with his batik line TikPrive, for instance, explains batik philosophy to his customers and even takes them on a trip to batik-producing regions to attend a batik class.
'There, they can make their own batik, learn about the meaning behind the motifs, until they realize how difficult it is to make batik,' he said. 'That way I hope they can respect batik more than before.'
Obin said the willingness of the youth to learn about the nation's cultural heritage could be built by raising their curiosity about Indonesian culture when they took trips across the country to witness the richness first hand.
