H

aze are particles, 2.5 micrometers or smaller in size. These fine particles act as irritants to the eyes, nostrils, respiratory passage and skin.

Surgical masks are not designed or certified to prevent the inhalation of small airborne contaminants. One may use surgical masks only when no better options are available.

The minimum level of respiratory protection from the haze is the N-95 respirator (mask). The N95 respirators should be able to efficiently filter the smallest particles that will be able to reach the lungs.

However, N-95 respirators are not needed for short exposures like commuting from home to school or work.

They should be worn properly and be comfortable, and this is a challenge especially in our humid environment. The respirators should cover both the nose and mouth completely to prevent the entry or exit of particles.

They should be changed every time they become soiled or moist with vapor.

One should not leave the respirator hanging or dangling around the neck, nor fold and place it in the pocket for later reuse. Respirators also must not be shared with others.

Respirators are not suitable for bearded men because the seal between the beard and respirator can be compromised and minute haze particles will be able to penetrate.

Respirators are not to be used by children as they will not fit properly on them.

People who suffer from long-term heart or lung diseases, pregnant women in the second and third trimester, and others with medical conditions that make breathing difficult should check with their doctors before using the N-95 respirator.

More effort is required to breathe through N-95 respirators. Some models have respirators with exhalation valves.

These valves can make breathing out easier and help reduce heat or moisture build-up on the face.

Employees required to work outdoors will have to undergo formal training on how to use N-95 respirators.

In addition to fit-testing, fit-checking procedures should be followed by the user each time the respirator is worn.

This is an important procedure especially for employees working in outdoor areas for long durations.

Jayakumar Gurusamy
Perdana University Graduate School of Medicine
The Star/ANN/Selangor, Malaysia