The chaos that plagued the country’s banking system during last month’s blackout significantly disrupted many a schedule on an otherwise normal day. The incident has brought us closer to a grey swan event in a foreseeable future. What if cyberattacks cause prolonged disruption to critical public infrastructure? Which security agencies are capable of verifying the origins of and the damage incurred by such an attack? How can we best respond? Since the government established the National Cyber and Encryption Agency (BSSN), Indonesia’s ranking on the Global Cybersecurity Index jumped from 70 in 2017 to 36 in 2018. Jakarta has also played an active role in cyber diplomacy through bilateral and multilateral channels, such as ASEAN and the United Nations Groups of Governmental Experts. But at home, Indonesia’s cybersecurity governance — regulations and insti...

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