"Today, the situation is an emergency because of the abuse of firearms by the police," Arif told a press conference entitled "Emergency Police Reform" on Sunday, as reported by Tempo.

Recently, there have been several cases involving the use of firearms by police officers, including the killing of a vocational high school student in Semarang on Nov. 24. Initially, the Semarang City Police accused the victim of being involved in a brawl, only to retract the accusation.

On Nov. 22, South Solok Police operations chief Adj. Comr. Dadang Iskandar shot dead his colleague chief detective Adj. Comr. Ryanto Ulil after the victim arrested suspected illegal miners.

Arif believes that the current condition of the National Police has strayed far from the original goals of police reform set out when the police separated from the then Indonesian Armed Forces (ABRI) in 1998.

The intention behind this separation was to change the police’s militaristic approach, making it more humane.

"The police's authority involves public service, law enforcement and security, [so] the police must be democratic and respect human rights, refraining from a violent approach," Arif said.

Therefore, he supports the plan from House Commission III to evaluate the use of firearms within the police force.

Arif said the plan needed to be carried out immediately, as not all police functions require firearms, pointing to the Traffic Corps as an example of a police force that does not need firearms.

He said that the use of weapons, including firearms, should be a last resort in the context of law enforcement.

Previously, Commission III member Abdullah proposed that police officers be equipped only with batons for patrol duties to maintain order and security, rather than firearms, to prevent misuse.

He pointed out that police forces in countries such as the United Kingdom, Norway, Iceland, Botswana, New Zealand and Ireland only use batons and pepper spray to maintain order, with a strong emphasis on professionalism in their duties.

He said that the evaluation and limitation of firearm use was crucial to prevent unwanted incidents, including civilian and police officer casualties.

"Any weapon given to the police can be used to take someone's life if the philosophical understanding and legal regulations are not well understood by the police officers," Abdullah said, as quoted by the Antara news agency.

The National Police budget for 2025 is set at Rp 126.62 trillion (US$7.98 billion), an increase of 7.85 percent from Rp 117 trillion in 2024.