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The Ghibli effect: From dream artist to legal nightmare

Indonesia remains largely positioned as a passive consumer in the global AI landscape, vulnerable to potential rights infringements and lacking robust protections or negotiating power.

Haekal Al Asyari (The Jakarta Post)
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Debrecen, Hungary
Sat, April 12, 2025 Published on Apr. 10, 2025 Published on 2025-04-10T18:14:26+07:00

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The Ghibli effect: From dream artist to legal nightmare A woman looks at a Facebook user profile displaying an image generated by artificial intelligence in the style of Studio Ghibli animation on a mobile phone on April 2, 2025, in Bangkok. (AFP/Manan Vatsyayana)

I

n recent weeks, a trend has emerged across the internet, particularly among Indonesian users, where people are transforming their images into Ghibli-style artwork using AI-powered tools like those developed by OpenAI.

While this trend has captivated many with its artistic appeal, it raises important legal concerns that remain largely unnoticed by the general public.

One significant issue is the potential for copyright infringement, as OpenAI’s AI models are trained on datasets that include publicly available data, which may encompass copyrighted works. Additionally, users may unknowingly be contributing their images to further train these models, raising questions about data privacy and consent.

When asked about its position on the growing trend of AI-generated images styled after Studio Ghibli's iconic animation, ChatGPT acknowledges that the practice "can be a gray area" in terms of copyright law. It further suggests that in order to avoid copyright infringements, users could frame their prompts with phrases such as "inspired by," avoiding direct replication of copyrighted characters or works.

But is this all there is to it? Would it be true that as long as the output does not imitate the original work, it would not be considered as a copyright infringement?

There are two main areas of contention in the AI art creative process where copyright could be infringed.

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First, in the input stage, when the generative AI systems are trained using vast amounts of data coming from both publicly available data and copyrighted works. Second, in the output stage where the works generated by AI could or could not be copyrighted due to the difficulty of identifying the creator and owner of the produced work.

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