Gubernatorial Regulation No. 142/2019 was signed on the eve of the New Year, but the Jakarta government postponed its enforcement of the policy for six months to allow for the public to become familiarized with it. Jakarta Environment Agency head Andono Warih said the city administration had reached out to the management groups of 85 shopping centers, 158 traditional markets and more than 2,000 convenience stores across the city as part of a campaign against single-use plastic bags.

Jakarta had been cautious in dealing with plastic bags. Then-governor Basuki Tjahaja Purnama proposed the use of environmentally friendly plastic bags in 2016, although he ultimately followed the decision of the Environment and Forestry Ministry to charge consumers Rp 200 per plastic bag.

Plastic bags revolutionized the culture of shopping decades ago. However, as a consequence, piles of plastic waste now litter the world’s seas and shores, degrading marine ecosystems.

News of whales being found dead with stacks of plastic waste in their bellies in several parts of the world last year evince the horror plastic waste has generated. In the same year, researchers in Canada found microplastics in the digestive systems of every whale they examined.

Studies have shown that plastics are difficult and costly to recycle. As in the case of Jakarta, most plastic waste ends up in landfills. It would take the waste an estimated 300 years to photodegrade.

Before the COVID-19 pandemic, an average of 7,702 tons of Jakarta's trash was disposed of at the Bantar Gebang landfill every day. Over one-third of the waste comprised plastics, according to the Jakarta Environment Agency. During the pandemic, the waste dumped at Bantar Gebang dropped significantly to 189,979 tons in May from 305,339 tons in January.

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