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For Australia's Muslims, Indonesian seafaring history gives a sense of belonging
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A traditional padewakang boat sets sail from Tana Beru in Bulukumba regency, South Sulawesi, for the provincial capital of Makassar on Nov. 28, 2019. The ship departed from Makassar on Dec. 8, 2019, en route to Darwin in northern Australia in an expedition to retrace the historical sea voyages of Makassar sailors. (JP/Yusuf Wahil)
C
enturies before Captain James Cook claimed Australia for Britain in 1770, Muslim Makassar sailors from Indonesia regularly travelled thousands of kilometers across open sea to trade with Aboriginal people in Australia's far north.
Now, a voyage in a specially constructed replica boat has rekindled ties between the Makassars from Sulawesi island and the Yolngu clan in northeast Arnhem Land, providing a powerful message about belonging for young Australian Muslims.
The project is the brainchild of the Abu Hanifa Institute, an organization promoting education, identity and inclusiveness for Muslims in Sydney.
"We ran a workshop with young people and we asked them what it meant to be an Australian and many people really could not identify with that concept," Abu Hanifa's Sheikh Wesam Charkawi told Reuters.
"They felt that the discourse that they hear on a daily basis - 'Go back to where you came from', 'You don't belong here', 'Love it or leave it' - that it alienated them."
Muslims make up less than 3% of Australia's population and many report experiencing prejudice or hostility regarding their faith.
The story of the Australia's "First Nations'" 60,000 year-plus history on the land and their long and deep relationship with the Makassars resonated with many Muslim youth. The two peoples traded sea cucumbers, exchanged ideas and language, inter-married and lived among each other from the 1500s or possibly earlier, according to historians.
The story helped young Muslims "understand that your religious ancestors had a connection with the First Nations people in Australia from well before 1770," Charkawi said.
The 15-meter vessel was built by Makassar craftsmen on a beach in Sulawesi using traditional methods and local timber.
Launching the boat was just one of many challenges the project had to overcome.
"On the day, we didn't realize how we were going to get it [into the sea] then all of a sudden, hundreds of people turned up and they began pushing this thing, digging the sand with their own hands - not with shovels, but their own hands - to try and push this vessel into the sea," Charkawi said. "Eventually, they made it happen."
With no engine to rely on, the vessel and its 12 Makassar crew sailed for 25 days to make the near-2,000km journey to Darwin.
From there, it sailed to the Gove Peninsula, in northeast Arnhem Land, where it was met by hundreds of Yolngu and other Indigenous people from around the area, performing songs and ceremonies of welcome.
Muslim and Aboriginal leaders both wanted to share the history more widely, including getting the story of the Yolngu and Makassar relationship into school curriculums.
"This is a unique and very important thing," said Timmy 'Djawa' Burarrwanga, an Aboriginal leader who shared the Makassar story with visiting young Muslims and helped spark the project.
"They are family, they are people that gave something to us. A special gift," he said at the welcome ceremony.
Charkawi, whose institute is producing a documentary about the project to air later this year, said the arrival was an emotional experience.
"The atmosphere was amazing, it was breathtaking," he said. "They'd come out with their children, they'd come out with their elderly, with people who couldn't walk, who were in wheelchairs, so the whole community had rallied behind this event."
