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Saudi Arabia's city of roses blooms in Ramadan

In April, they are harvested for the essential oil used to cleanse the outer walls of the sacred Kaaba, the cubic structure in the holy city of Mecca towards which Muslims around the world pray.

Rania Sanjar (Agence France-Presse)
Taif, Saudi Arabia
Fri, April 16, 2021

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 Saudi Arabia's city of roses blooms in Ramadan A worker at the Bin Salman farm hold a Damascena (Damask) rose in his hand, used to produce rose water and oil, in the western Saudi city of Taif, on April 11, 2021. Every spring, roses bloom in Taif, transforming pockets of the kingdom's vast desert landscape into fragrant pink patches. (AFP/Fayez Nureldine)

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very spring, roses bloom in the western Saudi city of Taif, turning pockets of the kingdom's vast desert landscape a vivid and fragrant pink. 

In April, they are harvested for the essential oil used to cleanse the outer walls of the sacred Kaaba, the cubic structure in the holy city of Mecca towards which Muslims around the world pray.

This year, the harvest falls during the holy fasting month of Ramadan, which observant Muslims devote to prayer and reflection.

Workers at the Bin Salman farm tend rose bushes and pick tens of thousands of flowers each day to produce rose water and oil, also prized components in the cosmetic and culinary industries. 

The perfumed oil has become popular among the millions of Muslims who visit the kingdom every year for pilgrimages. 

Patterns of plants and flowers have long been part of Islamic art. 

A tourist takes a photo with Taif roses at the Bin Salman Farm in the Saudi city of Taif on March 13, 2021. The family farm is open to visitors and offers a complete rural experience including the viewing of the time-honoured tradition of extracting rose water and oil from the Taif rose, a prized component in the cosmetic, culinary and other industries. It has become synonymous with the city itself, dubbed locally as the City of Roses.
A tourist takes a photo with Taif roses at the Bin Salman Farm in the Saudi city of Taif on March 13, 2021. The family farm is open to visitors and offers a complete rural experience including the viewing of the time-honoured tradition of extracting rose water and oil from the Taif rose, a prized component in the cosmetic, culinary and other industries. It has become synonymous with the city itself, dubbed locally as the City of Roses. (AFP/Amer Hilabi)

Known as the city of roses, with approximately 300 million blooms every year, Taif has more than 800 flower farms, many of which have opened their doors to visitors. 

While workers pick flowers in the fields, others labour in sheds, filling and weighing baskets by hand.

The flowers are then boiled and distilled.

"We start boiling the roses on high heat until they are almost evaporated, and this takes around 30 to 35 minutes," Khalaf al-Tuweiri, who owns the Bin Salman farm, told AFP.

"After that we lower the heat for around 15 to 30 minutes until the distilling process starts, which lasts for eight hours."

Once the oil floats to the top of the glass jars, the extraction process begins.

The oil is then extracted with a large syringe to fill different-sized vials, the smallest going for 400 Saudi riyals ($106).

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