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Waiting for Indonesia’s environment, climate change ministry
More than 80 percent of the climate crisis is caused by human activities, which consciously or unconsciously emit excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which are trapped in the atmospheric layer and cause global warming, leading to the climate crisis.
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A forest fire burning near Mount Merapi volcano in the Mount Merapi National Park (TNGM) in Magelang, Central Java, is pictured on Sept. 22, 2023. (AFP/Devi Rahman)
D
efense Minister Prabowo Subianto will replace President Joko “Jokowi’ Widodo when the latter ends his second five-year term in October.
One of the key issues discussed and promoted during the presidential and vice-presidential debates was climate change. The importance of this issue is linked to how it threatens the lives of all living things, not only humans but all living organisms, including millions of types of plants and animals that live on earth, not only in Indonesia but throughout the world.
More than 80 percent of the climate crisis is caused by human activities, which consciously or unconsciously emit excessive greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, which are trapped in the atmospheric layer and cause global warming, leading to the climate crisis.
Almost everyone knows about the climate change issue, but not everyone understands what it means, what causes it, what the dangers are and how we should solve it. Climate change is not a short-term problem. Its impact could affect the earth for more than 100 years or even beyond.
Climate change also does not recognize the administrative boundaries of countries and continents. That is why it is important to understand that climate change is a global issue.
In 1992, the United Nations proclaimed the Climate Change Convention, known as the UN Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC). Compared with other conventions under the UN, the UNFCCC is the largest convention. By 2023, it had been ratified by 198 countries. Indonesia ratified the convention through Law No. 6/1994.
The UNFCCC convenes annually through the Conference of the Parties (COP-UNFCCC). The latest COP, i.e., COP-28, was held in Dubai in November and December 2023. Indonesia also hosted COP-13 in Bali in 2007, which produced the Bali Road Map. COP-21 was held in Paris in 2015 and produced a historic agreement called the Paris Agreement (PA). Through the PA, we are familiar with terms and policies such as the national GHG emissions-reduction target or nationally determined contributions (NDCs) and Indonesia's net emissions target in 2060, known as net-zero emissions (NZE).
