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London museum to return looted Benin Bronzes to Nigeria
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Long journey home: A sculpture, part of a collection known as the Benin Bronzes, is displayed at the signing ceremony for an agreement to return them to Nigeria, held on July 1 at the German foreign ministry in Berlin. (AFP/Adam Berry)
L
ondon's Horniman Museum on Sunday said that it would return dozens of artifacts looted by British soldiers in Nigeria, including 12 of the famed Benin Bronzes.
"Ownership of 72 objects, which were forcibly removed from Benin City during the British military incursion in February 1897, will be transferred to the Nigerian government," the museum said in a statement.
"The collection includes 12 brass plaques, known publicly as Benin Bronzes. Other objects include a brass cockerel altar piece, ivory and brass ceremonial objects, brass bells, everyday items such as fans and baskets, and a key ‘to the king’s palace’," it said.
Thousands of Nigeria's so-called Benin Bronzes, metal plaques and sculptures dating from the 16th to the 18thcenturies, were looted from the palace of the ancient Benin kingdom and ended up in museums across the United States and Europe.
Nigeria has been negotiating their return and plans to build a museum in Benin City in southern Edo state, where it hopes to house the bronzes, which are some of the most highly regarded works of African art.
"The evidence is very clear that these objects were acquired through force, and external consultation supported our view that it is both moral and appropriate to return their ownership to Nigeria," the museum quoted Eve Salomon, the chair of the trustees of the Horniman Museum and Gardens, as saying.
The head of Nigeria's National Commission for Museums and Monuments, Abba Tijani, welcomed the decision and said he was looking "forward to a productive discussion on loan agreements and collaborations”.
Apart from Britain, France, Belgium, the Netherlands and Germany have also received requests from African countries to return lost treasures.
On July 1, Germany signed an agreement to begin sending back hundreds of Benin Bronzes to Nigeria, the biggest effort yet by a European country to return looted artworks. Germany has around 1,100 of the artifacts, split between some 20 museums.
Experts estimate that 85 to 90 percent of African cultural artifacts were taken from the continent.
