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Pakar: UU TNI yang baru dapat berimbas pada ekonomi

Pakar telah memperingatkan potensi dampak ekonomi dari revisi UU TNI yang baru-baru ini disahkan, khususnya terkait iklim investasi terhadap persepsi eksternal pada demokrasi Indonesia.

Deni Ghifari (The Jakarta Post)
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Jakarta
Wed, March 26, 2025 Published on Mar. 26, 2025 Published on 2025-03-26T16:00:44+07:00

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Pakar: UU TNI yang baru dapat berimbas pada ekonomi Riot police take cover in a testudo as students throw stones on Monday in Surabaya, East Java, during a protest against the revised Indonesian Military (TNI) Law. (AFP/Juni Kriswanto)
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Pakar memperingatkan bahwa UU TNI yang direvisi, yang disahkan pada 20 Maret dan memicu kerusuhan sosial setelahnya, dapat mengakibatkan dampak ekonomi. Hal itu termasuk dampak buruk terkait kepercayaan investor.

Pada Selasa 25 Maret, Bhima Yudhistira, Direktur Eksekutif Center of Economic and Law Studies (CELIOS), mengatakan kepada The Jakarta Post bahwa revisi UU tersebut berarti para pelaku bisnis “atau bahkan para petani” mungkin harus bersaing dengan militer untuk mendapatkan pekerjaan. Persaingan ini khususnya akan terjadi pada proyek-proyek pemerintah.

“Secara ekonomi, penempatan anggota TNI aktif pada posisi sipil dapat memicu inefisiensi sumber daya. Hal itu disebabkan oleh kesenjangan keterampilan yang ada di militer, mengingat bahwa [pekerjaan] militer berbeda dari [pekerjaan] sipil, khususnya dalam pengambilan keputusan strategis,” kata Bhima.

Menurutnya, melibatkan militer dalam proyek-proyek pemerintah dapat mengakibatkan efek crowding out, karena TNI akan mengisi ruang yang seharusnya disediakan untuk sektor swasta, terutama usaha mikro, kecil, dan menengah. Crowding out adalah istilah ekonomi untuk menggambarkan penurunan aktivitas sektor swasta akibat peningkatan belanja pemerintah. 

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“Misalnya, ini terjadi dalam program makan [bergizi] gratis, dengan dapur terpusat, serta [proyek] food estate yang dikelola TNI,” kata Bhima.

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