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Eksportir Indonesia bagi tarif demi jaga pasar Amerika

Perkiraan jumlah yang bisa diatur dalam pembagian beban ini akan bergantung pada seberapa besar kenaikan harga yang dapat diserap oleh konsumen AS. Kepastian tentang hal itu "akan butuh waktu".

Deni Ghifari (The Jakarta Post)
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Mon, July 21, 2025 Published on Jul. 18, 2025 Published on 2025-07-18T17:00:15+07:00

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Maintaining margins: A worker supervises loading and unloading services on March 28, 2023, at the Jakarta International Container Terminal at Tanjung Priok Port in North Jakarta. According to a recent Statistics Indonesia (BPS) report, Indonesian exports grew 7.13 percent year-on-year in September 2024 to US$23.56 billion, the highest figure since December 2022. Maintaining margins: A worker supervises loading and unloading services on March 28, 2023, at the Jakarta International Container Terminal at Tanjung Priok Port in North Jakarta. According to a recent Statistics Indonesia (BPS) report, Indonesian exports grew 7.13 percent year-on-year in September 2024 to US$23.56 billion, the highest figure since December 2022. (AFP/Adek Berry )
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Eksportir Indonesia berupaya membagi beban tarif dengan para pembeli mereka di Amerika Serikat, demi mempertahankan harga yang kompetitif. Keberhasilan langkah menjaga harga ini, menurut para ekonom, pada akhirnya bergantung pada seberapa tinggi pajak bea masuk yang dikenakan kepada negara lain. Bagaimana pun, menekan biaya demi mempertahankan margin adalah hal yang lebih mudah diucapkan daripada dilakukan.

Ketua Gabungan Perusahaan Ekspor Indonesia (GPEI) Benny Soetrisno mengatakan bahwa hasil negosiasi pemerintah dengan Washington, berupa penurunan tarif menjadi sebesar 19 persen untuk Indonesia, tampaknya merupakan kesepakatan terbaik. Tarif itu turun dari angka yang disebutkan di awal, yaitu sebesar 32 persen, 

Namun, Benny mengakui bahwa tetap diperlukan adanya penyesuaian jumlah ekspor. "Meskipun tarif masih belum efektif, kami tetap menegosiasikan pembagian beban dengan para pembeli kami," ujarnya kepada The Jakarta Post pada Jumat pekan lalu. Ia tambahkan bahwa importir AS kemungkinan akan mematuhi tarif ini, karena mereka "tidak hanya bergantung pada satu sumber dalam menjaga keamanan pasokan".

Ia mencatat bahwa perkiraan jumlah yang bisa diatur dalam pembagian beban akan bergantung pada seberapa besar konsumen AS dapat menyerap kenaikan harga. Penentuan hal itu adalah sesuatu yang "akan butuh waktu". Setelah angka tersebut jelas, eksportir Indonesia dan mitra mereka di AS baru dapat memutuskan cara membagi beban tarif agar harga produk tetap kompetitif.

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Pada Jumat, Kepala Ekonom BCA, David Sumual, mengatakan kepada The Jakarta Post bahwa skema pembagian beban serupa telah diadopsi selama masa jabatan pertama Presiden AS Donald Trump, yaitu pada 2017 hingga 2021.

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