he record level of Jakarta’s air pollution of 240 as measured by the Air Quality Index (AQI) on June 25 is a strong warning regarding our pledges to reduce greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions by 29 percent by 2030 independently, or 41 percent with international assistance, as stated by our National Determined Contribution (NDC).
Three years have passed since the NDC was submitted to the United Nations, but Indonesia still contributes to an increase in the concentration of carbon dioxide ( CO2 ) at a rate of 1.94 parts per million (ppm) per year, pushing it up from 371.7 ppm in June 2004 to 398.8 ppm in June 2018 according to the Meteorology, Climatology and Geophysics Agency (BMKG).
The government has implemented several policies to fulfill this plan.
First was Presidential Instruction No. 8/2018 on the Delays and Evaluation of Licensing of Oil Palm Plantations and Increased Productivity of Oil Palm Plantations. The policy orders the provincial and regencies/municipalities to conduct licensing evaluations and stop issuing oil palm plantation licenses for the next three years.
Second, the government has also increased the continuous climate change mitigation budget from Rp 72.3 trillion (US$5 billion) in 2016 to Rp 81.7 trillion in 2017. In both years, money was allocated only for mitigation needs.
Different treatments were implemented in 2018, namely a mitigation allocation of Rp 72.2 trillion plus an adaptation allocation of Rp 49.2 trillion. The total budget for addressing climate change in 2018 was Rp 121.4 trillion in total.
The public service agency or BLU, which is planned to be under the Environment and Forestry Ministry, would be in charge of three matters: raising funds, placing funds in investment instruments and transferring funds. Funds can be allotted from the state budget (APBN), regional budgets (APBD) and other sources of income in accordance with the law.
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