Subhas Chandra Bose was a contemporary of Mahatma Gandhi but broke with the pacifist icon and sought alliances with Nazi Germany and Japan to overthrow the British Raj during World War II. 

His courtship of fascist powers made Bose a controversial figure elsewhere but he remains widely revered at home for his role in India's independence struggle -- and the subject of conspiracy theories over his untimely death. 

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The hologram of Bose is near the India Gate -- a war memorial in the capital New Delhi designed by the colonial authorities -- and replaces a statue of Britain's King George V torn down nearly half a century ago. 

It was turned on to mark the 125th anniversary of Bose's birth on Sunday and will remain lit up until a permanent statue is erected in its place.

Prime Minister Narendra Modi, who presided over the unveiling, said India was indebted to "the grand hero of India's independence".

Bose -- popularly known as "Netaji", or "leader" -- was renowned in his lifetime for his popularity and charisma.

With World War II raging, Bose escaped British surveillance to travel from India to Germany in 1941, later sailing in a submarine back to Asia to group surrendered Indian army troops into the rebel Indian National Army.

He was killed when a Japanese bomber in which he was travelling crashed in Taiwan at the close of the war in 1945.

But many Indians at the time thought the crash had been faked to help Bose go underground, as he was wanted as a war criminal by British authorities.

In the decades that followed, many insisted Bose was still alive and several alternative theories flourished to account for his whereabouts, including a capture and detention in a Soviet gulag or an anonymous return to India for a quiet life.

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