The report outlines two scenarios: Accelerated and Net Zero. In the Accelerated scenario, nuclear power generation could increase by 80 percent by 2050. If realized, its share in the global energy mix would grow to nearly 16.2 percent.

In addition, according to the World Nuclear Association, nuclear technology is considered by some to be the safest and cleanest power industry.

Despite the structural (rational) view about its technological and environmental benefits and even though nuclear power has been envisioned since the 1950s, its incorporation into the national energy mix has met with struggles.

According to the National Research and Innovation Agency (BRIN), Indonesia's 2050 energy mix target comprise 32 percent renewables, 24 percent natural gas, 15 percent oil and 29 percent coal, with no plans at present to incorporate nuclear energy, contrary to expert recommendations.

The three lenses framework, often used in organizational studies, provides two other views in addition to the structural view: political and cultural. While external political challenges such as the lack of diplomatic finesse and geopolitical choreography have been discussed extensively, understanding the cultural lens is equally important.

To understand the cultural context, it is essential to explore the definitions of national culture by prominent theorists. Hofstede’s dimensions of culture, Parson’s pattern variables and Kluckhohn and Strodtbeck’s value orientations offer different lenses through which to view Indonesian society. These frameworks help in identifying the cultural characteristics that might influence innovation and the acceptance of new technologies.