The process, labeled the US-Taiwan Initiative on 21st-Century Trade, follows an agreement US President Joe Biden announced last week with 12 Asian economies, which excluded Taiwan.

Like that effort, the discussions with Taiwan will not involve tariffs or market access — items that would require congressional approval, officials said.

In a statement, the US Trade Representative said that "both sides will work at pace [...] to develop an ambitious road map for negotiations for reaching agreements with high-standard commitments and economically meaningful outcomes".

Taiwan's lead trade negotiator, John Deng, said the talks would "open up more room for economic cooperation".

"We can say this is a historic breakthrough," he added, speaking at a press conference in Taipei.

Despite the limited scope of the talks — which a senior administration official said was in keeping with the "unofficial" relationship with Taipei — they are likely to anger Beijing, which claims Taiwan as part of its territory and bristles at any sign Washington is treating the self-governing democracy as an independent nation.

Beijing frequently engages in saber-rattling to underline its point. For example, on Monday, it made the second-largest incursion into Taiwan's air defense zone this year, with Taipei reporting 30 jets entering the area.

US Secretary of State Antony Blinken has accused China of "increasingly provocative rhetoric and activity".

 

'Robust' relationship

China has also tried to stop any international recognition of the island, opposing its participation in global forums.

But Biden is under pressure to deepen ties with Taiwan after a bipartisan group of 52 senators urged him to include the island in the Indo-Pacific Economic Framework (IPEF) launched last week, which includes about 40 percent of the global economy.

They argued in a letter to Biden that leaving an important trading partner out would "allow the Chinese government to claim that the international community does not, in fact, support meaningful engagement with Taiwan."

A senior official said there was still time to add Taiwan to that effort.

"We didn't include Taiwan in the initial launch. However, going forward, we intend to take a flexible and adaptable approach to IPEF participation," the official told reporters.

The official reiterated Washington's "long-standing one-China policy" but said the Biden administration also maintained a "robust unofficial relationship with Taiwan and [...] is committed to deepening it."

 

'Concrete ways'

Deputy USTR Sarah Bianchi and Taiwan's Deng met on Wednesday to launch the new initiative.

The trade agency said it was "intended to develop concrete ways to deepen the economic and trade relationship, advance mutual trade priorities based on shared values and promote innovation and inclusive economic growth for our workers and businesses."

The first meeting under the initiative will be held in Washington later in June and will cover customs procedures and regulations, including rules governing agriculture trade, workers’ rights and the fight against "harmful non-market policies".

Another administration official said the goal was to produce a "high-framework, binding agreement". but gave no timeframe for reaching a deal.

Taiwan is the 10^th-largest export market for the US, as well as a vital source of semiconductors.

A global shortage of the latter is hitting industries that rely on them from cars to smartphones and is pushing inflation higher.

A spokesman for the Taiwanese government on Wednesday emphasized the "crucial role" the island played in the semiconductor supply line.

"In light of the increasing trade conflict between China and the US, and also the fallout from the COVID-19 pandemic to the world's economy, [...] the US government has realized that it needs to strengthen the economic and political links with Taiwan to ensure the stability and safety of the supply chain," Lo Ping-cheng added.

The US Commerce Department has launched a separate dialogue with Taipei on tech and investment — two other areas covered by the IPEF.