The expanded investment is a big win for Biden after supply chain issues disrupted the US economy early in his presidency.

"American manufacturing is back, folks," Biden said in a speech against the backdrop of the new factory draped with an American flag and a large banner reading "A Future Made in America, Phoenix, AZ".

Biden's recent trip to Asia had convinced him that the US was in a better position to lead the world economy in the years ahead "if we keep our focus", he said.

Mark Liu, chairman of TSMC, estimated annual revenue of $10 billion when the two planned chip fabrication plants opened, adding that customers would have annual sales of $40 billion from products using chips made there.

Apple Inc., Nvidia Corp. and Advanced Micro Devices Inc., all major TSMC customers, said they expected their chips to be made in the new plants.

"We work with TSMC to manufacture the chips that help power our products all over the world. And we look forward to expanding this work in the years to come as TSMC forms new and deeper roots in America," Apple chief executive officer Tim Cook said in a speech.

Also joining Biden at the facility's opening ceremony was TSMC founder Morris Chang, chipmaker Micron Technology Inc. CEO Sanjay Mehrotra and Nvidia CEO Jensen Huang, among others.

The plant, scheduled to be operational in 2024, will make a more advanced chip than initially announced.

TSMC's Taipei-listed shares were flat in early trade on Wednesday following the announcement, tracking the broader market.

TSMC, the world's largest contract chipmaker, is a leading supplier to major US hardware manufacturers.

Its $40 billion funding for the two facilities is the company's largest investment outside of Taiwan.

"Bringing TSMC's investment to the United States is a masterstroke and a game-changing development for the industry," Nvidia's Huang said in remarks prepared for Tuesday's event.

TSMC's expanded investment in Arizona is the latest in a string of major investments announced by chipmakers since the Creating Helpful Incentives to Produce Semiconductors (CHIPS) and Science Act passed this summer.

These include International Business Machines Corp., Micron Technology Inc. and Wolfspeed Inc.

TSMC said it would build a second facility nearby to produce so-called 3 nanometer chips by 2026, the most advanced currently in production.

TSMC also said it was planning to build an industrial water reclamation plant. Chip-making is a water-intensive process, and Arizona, which is largely desert, is increasingly struggling with water shortages.

TSMC's Liu said its Phoenix factories were expected to create 13,000 high-tech jobs, including 4,500 under TSMC, with the rest filled by suppliers.

Biden has sought to boost semiconductor production after the pandemic caused supply chain problems that led to shortages of chips for vehicles and many other items.

US semiconductor production accounts for just 12 percent of the global total, down from 37 percent two decades ago, said a White House report on supply chain problems last year.

Taiwan's dominant position as a maker of chips used in technology from cellphones and cars to fighter jets has sparked concerns of overreliance on the island, especially as China ramps up military pressure to assert its sovereignty claims.

China claims Taiwan as its territory but the democratically elected government in Taipei rejects Beijing's sovereignty claims.

The $52.7 billion CHIPS and Science Act, signed into law by Biden in August, is aimed at preventing a resurgence of supply chain woes.

Biden's trip to Arizona marks "a significant milestone that TSMC is reaching in bringing the most advanced semiconductor manufacturing back to the US," said Brian Deese, director of the White House National Economic Council.

Biden's victory in Arizona in the 2020 presidential election helped catapult him to the White House. Republican Donald Trump had won the state in 2016.

Biden has said he intends to seek a second four-year term in 2024.