Biden and Jokowi met on the sidelines of the G20 summit in New Delhi, the White House said. 

Leaders from the world's top economies arrive in India on Friday for a two-day G20 summit overshadowed by Russia's invasion of Ukraine, worries over the global economy and climate change.

Host India has coined the optimistic slogan "One Earth, One Family, One Future", but the leaders of the Group of 20 nations are riven by differences and strategic fault lines.

Russian President Vladimir Putin and Chinese President Xi Jinping are skipping the September 9-10 summit in the capital New Delhi.

The G20 consists of 19 countries and the European Union, making up about 85 percent of global GDP and two-thirds of the world's population.

Biden arrived in India keen to bolster alliances and offer support to developing countries, with Washington assessing that China is struggling.

He will discuss efforts to tackle multiple issues, from "combating climate change, to mitigating the economic and social impacts of Russia's war in Ukraine", National Security Advisor Jake Sullivan said.

Biden will be accompanied by Treasury Secretary Janet Yellen, on her fourth visit to India in 10 months as Washington seeks reform of the International Monetary Fund and the World Bank to better serve developing countries.

The White House wants the G20 to stay relevant as the "premier forum of economic cooperation globally", Sullivan added.