The News Bargaining Incentive taxes the companies 2.5 percent on their advertising revenues unless they strike agreements.

Proceeds from the scheme would be directed to local Australian news outlets, whose content helps drive user engagement and advertising revenue on the tech firms' platforms.

The levy applies to Meta, Alphabet's Google, TikTok and Microsoft's LinkedIn, covering companies with a "significant" social media or ​search service in Australia, and local advertising revenue exceeding A$250 million (US$178 million).

Platforms can avoid the charge by reaching agreements with at least eight different publishers by the end of their reporting period. The value of those deals would be offset against their levy liability.

The deals must support the production of news content or relate to news content produced by the publishers being made available online by the platform, the legislation said.

Spending with large publishers carries a 150 percent offset, while spending with small and medium-sized outlets carries a 200 percent offset.

Any single deal is also capped at 25 percent of a platform's levy liability.

"The legislation is here, and the message to platforms to pursue commercial deals is clear. Deals will need to be finalized before the end of a digital platform's financial reporting period to be used to offset their liability in that period," the government said in a statement.

"This is an important day for Australian news businesses and Australian journalism."

The passage of the News Bargaining Incentive comes one day after parliament passed laws restricting gambling advertisements.

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